Convection Cells

The early suggestion of plate tectonics were resisted because no mechanism for such plate movement could be found. Finally, in the 1930's, plausible models of plate movement based on convection cells were advanced.

Some history
Index

References:
Ward and Brownlee
Ch 9
 
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Fluid Rock Behavior

The suggestion of the continental drift associated with plate tectonics was resisted strongly from the standpoint of the apparent rigidity of the Earth's crust. But with the increased temperature and pressure associated with depth inside the Earth, the properties of rock change.

Index

References:
Ward and Brownlee
Ch 9
 
HyperPhysics*****Geophysics R Nave
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