Square Wave Generator

This square wave generator is like the Schmitt trigger circuit in that the reference voltage for the comparator action depends on the output voltage. This circuit is also classified as an astable multivibrator.

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Period of Square Wave Generator

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Square Wave Period: Details

Now taking the natural logarithm of both sides:

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Square Wave Generator

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Discussion of circuit
For circuit parameters:
=
=
=
=
the period will be
T = x 10^ s
and the frequency of the square wave is
f = kHz = MHz

Note that even though the square wave generator swings the voltage output from plus to minus , the frequency does not depend upon this supply voltage. If you supplied it with a variable voltage, you could freely change the amplitude without changing the frequency. You could then make it a variable frequency source by making either C or R variable.

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Square Wave Generator Process

Square Wave GeneratorCalculationDevelopment of period expression
ComparatorVoltage Divider
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Simpson
 
HyperPhysics*****Electricity and magnetismR Nave
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