Hot Water Freezing?

The rumor persists that hot water will freeze faster than cold water. It sounds implausible because the hot water has more internal energy which must be removed before it can start the phase change. Perhaps this tale had its origin in the days of non-frost-free refrigerators in which a considerable buildup of ice on the walls of the freezing compartment was a common occurrence. Ice acts as an insulator, inhibiting the cooling process.

What about snap-freezing?

Another scenario suggested for the "hot water freezing" story is the possibility of supercooling and snap-freezing by the hot water.

The Mpemba Effect?

There is in fact a large body of literature about initially hot water freezing faster than cold water and this phenomenon has been labeled the "Mpemba effect" (see references). The literature cited here takes the position that the phenomenon of supercooling is the main mechanism involved and that the history (dissolved gases, etc.) is not crucial to the phenomenon. Supercooling to -5 C or lower is cited and it is suggested that both the initially hot and the initially cold water supercool. If the cold water supercools more below the normal 0°C than the hot water, that will delay its freezing transition. In that case, the hot water may in fact freeze more quickly with nothing more than the degree of supercooling to distinguish the two samples. It was also pointed out that the degree of supercooling is not easily predictable, since it probably depends upon tiny particles or bubbles which nucleate the crystal formation. Experiments showed different amounts of supercooling for the same sample when it was repeatedly liquified and refrozen.

Some references are:
Knight, Charles A., The Mpemba Effect: The Freezing Times of Hot and Cold Water, Letter in Am J Phys, Vol 64, May 1996, p524

Auerbach, David, Supercooling and the Mpemba Effect: When Hot Water Freezes Faster Than Cold, Am J Phys. 63, 882-885, (1995)

Dorsey, N.E., Am. Philos. Soc. 38, 247-328, (1948).

Dorsey, N.E., The Properties of Ordinary Water Substance, Reinhold, Scranton, PA., (1940).