Spherical Polar Coordinates

Cylindrical Polar Coordinates

With the axis of the circular cylinder taken as the z-axis, the perpendicular distance from the cylinder axis is designated by r and the azimuthal angle taken to be Φ. Applications LaPlacian Gradient Divergence Curl

Applications of Spherical Polar Coordinates

Physical systems which have spherical symmetry are often most conveniently treated by using spherical polar coordinates.

Applications of Cylindrical Polar Coordinates

Physical systems which have cylindrical symmetry are often most conveniently treated by using cylindrical polar coordinates.